2015年大學(xué)生翻譯競賽（決賽）試題

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一、【英譯中】

We were different in ways of thinking and behaving. After the class, Robinson rushed out of the classroom to play basketball with the boys. Well, I was too shy to speak to them. Ten years later as a college student majoring in English, perhaps language is not as difficult a problem for me in communicating. And I can easily find a western food restaurant to practice using my fork and knife.

But I can still say we are different. In fact, I’m glad for all these differences which create interests to understand other cultures. If there had been no differences between East and West, Marco Polo would not have made his way from Italy to China in the late 14th century and taken discoveries including gun powder back to the west.

If there had been no differences between East and West, the national Traditional Orchestra of China might not have played Chinese classical music for the first time at the New Year’s Concert of this year in Vienna. Or maybe it would not have won applause. If there had been no differences, I would not have chosen to learn English and I wouldn’t have a chance to give my speech here.

I’m afraid if there had been no differences, we would have lost a rich and colorful existence. In this world we have the reserve of the British, the romance of the French, the bluntness of the Americans and the reticence of the Chinese. Those peoples’ cultural backgrounds are various. All their tears express sadness and their smiling faces beam happiness.

參考譯文：

我們的思維方式和舉止是不同的。下課后，羅賓遜沖出教室和男孩子一起打籃球，而我太害羞，連和男孩子說話也不敢。十年后的今天，我已經(jīng)是一名英語系的大學(xué)生，語言已不再是交流中的一個問題，要練習(xí)使用刀叉我也能輕易地找到一家西餐廳。

但是我說我們還是不同，實際上我很高興有這些不同。正是這些差異使得了解異國文化變得趣味盎然。倘若東西方之間不存在差異，那么十四世紀后期的馬可?波羅就不會從意大利千里迢迢來到中國，就不會把中國的火藥帶回西方。

倘若東西方?jīng)]有差異，那么中央民族樂團就不會在今年來到維也納，在新年音樂會上首次演奏中國的古典音樂，也就不會贏得陣陣掌聲。倘若東西方?jīng)]有差異，我就不會選擇學(xué)習(xí)英語，不會有機會在這里用英語演講。

倘若沒有東西方差異，恐怕我們就會喪失多姿多彩的生活。在這個世界上，有英國人的矜持、法國人的浪漫、美國人的率直和中國人的含蓄。不同的民族擁有不同的文化背景，然而，所有的眼淚都表達哀傷，所有的笑靨都源于歡樂。

二、【中譯英】

一九一一年，在一個小縣城里邊，我生在一個小地主的家里。那縣城差不多就是中國的最東最北部——黑龍江省——所以一年之中，倒有四個月飄著白雪。

父親常常為著貪婪而失掉了人性。他對待仆人，對待自己的兒女，以及對待我的祖父都是同樣的吝嗇而疏遠，甚至于無情。

有一次，為著房屋租金的事情，父親把房客的全套的馬車趕了過來。房客的家屬們哭著訴說著，向我的祖父跪了下來，于是祖父把兩匹棕色的馬從車上解下來還了回去。

為著這匹馬，父親向祖父起著終夜的爭吵?！皟善ヱR，咱們是算不了什么的，窮人，這匹馬就是命根。”祖父這樣說著，而父親還是爭吵。

所以每每在大雪中的黃昏里，圍著暖爐，圍著祖父，聽著祖父讀著詩篇，看著祖父讀著詩篇時微紅的嘴唇。

參考譯文：

    In 1911, I was born into a petty landlord family in a remote county town in Heilongjiang Province – a town situated virtually at the northeastern tip of China. We had snow there for as long as one third of a year.

    Father, driven by avarice, often became very unfeeling. He would treat his servants, his own children and even my grandpa alike with meanness and indifference, not to say with ruthlessness.

    Once, due to a dispute over house rent, he took away by force a tenant’s horse – drawn cart and drove it home. The tenant’s family came to see grandpa and, dropping to their knees, tearfully related their troubles. Grandpa unharnessed the two chestnut horses and returned them to the tenant.

    That touched off a night-long quarrel between father and grandpa. “The two horses mean nothing to us, but everything to the poor,” argued grandpa. Father, however, refused to listen. 

    Often of a snowy evening, we children would hang about grandpa by a heating stove, listening to him reading poems aloud and meanwhile watching his busy ruddy lips.

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2015年大學(xué)生翻譯競賽（決賽）試題

本科卷

一、【英譯中】

Shanghai’s impressive economic and social gains have come at the price of significant environmental degradation and increased resource use. The current urbanization path is not efficient because pollution imposes rising direct and indirect economic costs that are often not reflected in market transactions. Urban sprawl is leading to, for instance, increased energy use for transportation and higher costs for energy and water supply infrastructure than in denser cities. Current trends are also not socially inclusive because – while pollution and resource scarcity affect all citizens – the poor are usually the most heavily affected and the least able to cope.

In recent decades Shanghai has invested heavily in infrastructure to support environmental management and has made considerable progress in reducing pollution and improving the energy efficiency of its economy. Rapid economic growth has continued to outpace Shanghai’s ability to control pollution from existing and emerging sources, however, and more needs to be done. Moreover, there is an urgent need to prepare the groundwork for future urbanization to be conducted more sustainably than in the past. How Shanghai develops in the future will determine the magnitude of its carbon footprint and its exposure to pollution. 

參考譯文：

上海令人矚目的經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的代價是環(huán)境惡化、資源消耗增長。由于市場交易未反映污染造成的直接和間接經(jīng)濟成本上升，因而目前的城鎮(zhèn)化途徑效率低下。例如，城市蔓生導(dǎo)致交通能耗加大，且能源、供水等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的成本也比人口密度較大的城市高。目前的趨勢也缺少包容性，盡管污染和資源稀缺性對所有民眾均有影響，但貧困人口往往是受影響最大而最無力應(yīng)對的群體。

最近幾十年中，上海對基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投入了巨資，用以支持環(huán)境整治，并且在減少污染和提高經(jīng)濟能效方面取得了巨大進步。然而，快速的經(jīng)濟增長超出了上海治理目前現(xiàn)存的以及不斷新冒出的污染的能力，因而需要采取更多措施。此外，為未來可持續(xù)的城鎮(zhèn)化做基礎(chǔ)準備的需求也相比以往來得更為急迫。上海未來如何發(fā)展的規(guī)劃，將決定其碳排放量及面臨可能污染的程度。

二、【中譯英】

上海是引領(lǐng)中國政府改革進程的先鋒，是令人振奮的生活和工作地點。政府已為上海設(shè)定了與上海的地位和對全國經(jīng)濟的重要性相匹配的宏偉目標(biāo)。中國歐盟商會上海分會（The European Union Chamber of Commerce in China’s Shanghai Chapter）全力支持到2020年把上海建設(shè)成為國際金融、貿(mào)易、經(jīng)濟和航運中心的目標(biāo)，但我們認為當(dāng)前的變革節(jié)奏需要加速。

總體改革進程的一個核心元素是設(shè)立中國（上海）自由貿(mào)易區(qū)（自貿(mào)區(qū)）。對于自貿(mào)區(qū)，我們始終強調(diào)該改革試點的全國意義及其“試點”特征。自貿(mào)區(qū)的目的和范圍，首先是作為改革的試驗田，同時，還可以把自貿(mào)區(qū)看作改革是否成功的晴雨表。就此而言，如果該項目在運行一年后最令人關(guān)注的依然是自貿(mào)區(qū)概念本身和負面清單的實施，則難免令人遺憾。

盡管自貿(mào)區(qū)對上海乃至全國都至關(guān)重要，但自貿(mào)區(qū)并非惟一需要關(guān)注的話題。

參考譯文：

Shanghai has been the vanguard of the Chinese Government’s reform agenda making it an exciting place to live and work, and the government has set ambitious targets commensurate with Shanghai’s stature and overall importance to the Chinese economy. The European Union Chamber of Commerce in China’s Shanghai Chapter fully supports Shanghai’s goal to become an international financial, trade, economic and shipping center by 2020, but we believe that the current pace of change should be accelerated.

A central element of this agenda was the creation of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (CSPFTZ or Zone). When talking about the Zone we always stress the China-wide significance and the “pilot” characteristic of this reform experiment. The purpose and scope of the CSPFTZ is, more than anything, to be a testing ground for reform, while at the same time it can also be seen as a barometer for the success of the reforms. In this regard it is problematic that one year on, the concept of the Zone and its negative-list approach remain the most impressive aspects of this project.

Although an extremely important part of Shanghai’s – and China’s – development, the CSPFTZ is not only the topic that deserves our attention.